NEUROLOGICAL THEORIES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ADHD IN CHILDREN: A NARRATIVE REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the neurological theories in the management of ADHD in children. Literature Review: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a developmental disorder of strong neurobiological influence, most common in childhood, affecting 7% of children, and being characterized by a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity and impulsivity, which manifest itself in at least two environments such as home and school. ADHD symptoms occur due to dysfunctions in brain functioning. However, the neurobiological origins of ADHD have not been fully elucidated. The neurobiological mechanisms that participate in ADHD are complex in nature and are not dependent on a single neurotransmitter. The clinical variation of ADHD cases already reflects the intense complexity of the inhibitory and excitatory neurochemical processes involved in the origin of its symptoms. Final considerations: It should be noted that the intensity and manifestations of ADHD symptoms will depend directly on various personal aspects, genetic or not, on the family context of those involved, on the support they receive at home or in school and professional environments.