International Seven Journal of Multidisciplinary
The International Seven Multidisciplinary Journal (ISMJ) ISSN- 2764-9547 is a journal dedicated to the publication of articles and studies related to all areas of knowledge, with bilingual publications in English, Spanish and Portuguese.
3D PRINTING AS A STRATEGIC TECHNOLOGY OF INDUSTRY 4.0: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE MAIN APPLICATION AREAS
Three-dimensional printing (3D printing) is one of the key technologies of Industry 4.0, with increasingly diversified applications and significant impact on strategic sectors such as education, healthcare, engineering, sustainability, art. This article presents a systematic review of scientific literature published between 2020 and 2024, aiming to identify the main application areas of 3D printing and analyze the methodological and thematic contributions of the selected studies. The search was conducted in the Web of Science (WoS) database, using descriptors in Portuguese, English, and Spanish related to technology and its applications. After the screening and selection process, 26 articles were included in the qualitative analysis. Thematic categorization allowed for the organization of studies into seven main areas: education, engineering/industry, biomaterials/biofabrication, human health, veterinary health, energy/sustainability, and art and design. The results show a balanced distribution across fields, with emphasis on educational and industrial applications. The analysis was complemented by a comparative table and a word cloud, reinforcing the versatility and interdisciplinary nature of the technology. The evidence highlights the potential of 3D printing as an educational, technological, and socially transformative tool, especially when aligned with sustainable and accessible practices. This study contributes to understanding the strategic role of 3D printing in Industry 4.0, highlighting trends, gaps, and research opportunities aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 Agenda.
Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT OF COLORECTAL CANCER IN THE ELDERLY: BALANCING EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of malignant neoplasia and the second leading cause of global cancer mortality (Sun et al., 2024). Due to the epidemiological aspects of this neoplasm, being more prevalent at older ages, this article focuses on this population group. Considering the physiological and pathological changes of aging (senescence and frailty), the elderly population has gained prominence in the search for better methods to ensure earlier diagnosis, improved screening strategies, and innovative targeted therapies that provide greater tolerability for this age group during oncological treatment. It is known that this group is more vulnerable and presents a higher prevalence of comorbidities compared to others. This study aims to conduct a review of current evidence on improvements in diagnostic protocols, such as the incorporation of proteomic analysis combined with non-genetic and genetic risk factors (Elez et al., 2025), and in oncological targeted therapies, such as cetuximab, bevacizumab, and FOLFOX for CRCs with KRAS mCR and BRAF mutations (H. Ahn et al., 2024; Elez et al., 2025). The analysis of the results shows that when individualized beyond chronological age, there is a positive association between research and techno-pharmacological innovation, targeted therapies focusing on oncopathogenesis, new diagnostic predictors, and improvement in prognostic indicators for the studied population.
TREATMENT OF PEDIATRIC CELIAC DISEASE: MONITORING GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
Celiac disease is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten ingestion in genetically predisposed individuals, with a significant impact on the pediatric population, particularly on growth and development. Gluten-induced enteropathy in childhood damages the small intestinal mucosa, causing malabsorption of essential nutrients and ultimately leading to growth failure, delayed puberty, and nutritional deficiencies. This study aims to discuss the therapeutic management of pediatric celiac disease, with an emphasis on monitoring growth and development as central components of treatment. It is a narrative literature review conducted through a search in the PubMed database using standardized descriptors and included publications from the last five years addressing celiac disease, childhood, diagnosis, and treatment. These findings reveal that the clinical presentation of celiac disease during childhood is heterogeneous, including gastrointestinal and extra-intestinal manifestations, which can delay diagnosis and affect growth. Early recognition, based on serological evidence and, when appropriate, duodenal biopsy, is crucial for the effective implementation of a gluten-free diet, the only treatment currently proven effective. Strict adherence to the diet is also a key factor leading to clinical, nutritional recovery and catch-up growth, particularly in the initial months after diagnosis. However, the challenges associated with dietary adherence further emphasize the need for multidisciplinary follow-up. Systematic monitoring of growth, pubertal development, nutritional status, and serology is an essential aspect of the clinical management of pediatric celiac disease and is crucial for a favorable prognosis and the prevention of short- and long-term complications.
THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT OF DYSTHYMIA (PERSISTENT DEPRESSIVE DISORDER): LONG-TERM STRATEGIES AND REMISSION
Persistent Depressive Disorder (PDD), previously known as dysthymia, is characterized by a chronic, progressive, and often treatment-resistant course, associated with significant functional impairment and continuous reduction in quality of life. This study aimed to analyze contemporary therapeutic strategies for the management of dysthymia, with an emphasis on long-term approaches and factors associated with clinical and functional remission. It is a literature review conducted through searches in PubMed and the Virtual Health Library, covering studies published in the last five years, focusing on pharmacological, psychotherapeutic, neurobiological, and technological interventions related to PDD. The analyzed studies highlight that PDD involves neurobiological alterations in subcortical structures associated with motivation and the reward system, contributing to its chronicity and limited response to conventional antidepressants. In pharmacological management, favorable evidence has been observed for the use of bupropion, lamotrigine, and, in treatment-resistant cases, amantadine, indicating promising therapeutic alternatives. The combination of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy, especially Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, has demonstrated greater efficacy in reducing symptoms and preventing relapses. Furthermore, psychological interventions based on digital technology showed a positive impact on quality of life improvement and ongoing treatment support. It is concluded that the management of Persistent Depressive Disorder requires an integrated, longitudinal, and individualized approach that considers the neurobiological, psychosocial, and clinical aspects involved in the chronification of the disorder. The combination of targeted pharmacological interventions, structured psychotherapy, and digital technologies constitutes a relevant strategy to promote clinical stability, sustained remission, and reduction of the functional impact of PDD.
THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT OF ACUTE TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY: RESUSCITATION AND NEUROPROTECTION PROTOCOLS
Moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a critical global challenge, requiring accurate neuroprognostication to guide triage and decisions regarding withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy. Contemporary management emphasizes multimodal monitoring, in which invasive Intracranial Pressure (ICP) measurement is increasingly supplemented by Brain Tissue Oxygen Pressure (PbtO₂), a crucial marker of tissue hypoxia independently associated with unfavorable outcomes. In parallel, advances in serum biomarkers—particularly glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament light chain (NfL), and ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1)—allow assessment of injury severity and monitoring of clinical trajectory through minimally invasive methods. Established predictive models such as the IMPACT and CRASH scores demonstrate moderate reliability (with AUC values up to 0.85 for mortality in IMPACT), although the overall quality of evidence is often downgraded due to self-fulfilling prophecy bias and heterogeneity in functional outcome assessment. In the pediatric setting, injury-specific characteristics necessitate greater reliance on advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), in contrast to the predominant use of computed tomography (CT) in adults. The integration of these objective data is essential to guide acute interventions—including ICP management and the judicious use of hyperosmolar therapies—and to inform long-term rehabilitation planning. Predictors such as bilateral absence of pupillary reactivity are considered moderately reliable indicators of in-hospital mortality.
Gabriel Barreiros Lapetina Andrade Santana
THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT OF MENOPAUSE: HORMONAL APPROACH AND NON-HORMONAL ALTERNATIVES
Menopause is a physiological milestone characterized by the loss of ovarian follicular activity, often associated with vasomotor symptoms (VMS) and genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM). Although Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT) is the most effective intervention for symptomatic relief and prevention of bone loss, its use is limited by contraindications in specific subgroups, such as breast cancer survivors and patients with a history of endometriosis, requiring individualized approaches. Diagnosis is clinical and retrospective, but Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) is a sensitive biomarker of ovarian reserve, useful in predicting impending menopause, despite persistent inaccuracy in determining the exact timing. Advances in non-hormonal alternatives represent a promising frontier, including neurokinin receptor antagonists such as fezolinetant and elinzanetant for VMS, and topical therapies such as vaginal hyaluronic acid and laser (CO2 and Er:YAG) for GSM/vulvovaginal atrophy, which demonstrate comparable efficacy in patient-centered outcomes, with favorable safety profiles for patients at oncologic risk. In addition, MHT has been shown to optimize weight loss response when combined with GLP-1 agonists such as semaglutide. However, therapeutic management of menopause still lacks long-term data regarding the cardiovascular, skeletal, and oncologic safety of new non-hormonal therapies, reinforcing the need for prospective studies to consolidate safe and individualized strategies during the climacteric period.
THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT OF VASOSPASTIC ANGINA: STABILIZATION STRATEGIES AND ANTITHROMBOTIC THERAPY
Vasospastic angina (VSA) is a clinically relevant entity within the spectrum of ischemic syndromes with non-obstructive coronary arteries, characterized by transient vasoconstriction of the epicardial and/or microvascular coronary bed, with variable ischemic repercussions. Although often associated with chest pain at rest and transient electrocardiographic changes, its presentation may mimic acute coronary syndromes and culminate in malignant arrhythmias, myocardial infarction, and sudden death. Diagnosis remains challenging, particularly when coronary angiography does not reveal significant lesions, requiring high clinical suspicion and, in selected centers, provocative testing with acetylcholine and/or ergonovine. In treatment, calcium channel blockers constitute the therapeutic cornerstone, with nitrates as adjunctive agents. Controversies persist regarding the role of antithrombotic therapies in VSA without obstructive atherosclerosis, especially concerning the routine use of aspirin. Recent evidence reinforces the importance of a guided approach incorporating assessment of vasomotor dysfunction and inflammatory biomarkers, as well as potential genetic implications. This narrative review synthesizes contemporary evidence on diagnosis, first-line therapies, the rationale and limitations of antithrombotic use, and the impact of inflammation on pathophysiology, pointing to future perspectives for more precise and individualized management.
Judh Beatriz Trindade Gouveia dos Santos
MAXILLARY SINUS LIFT TECHNIQUES: INDICATIONS AND CRITERIA FOR REHABILITATION OF ATROPHIC MAXILLAE
The present study consists of a narrative literature review aimed at discussing maxillary sinus lift techniques, their clinical indications, and the criteria for rehabilitation of atrophic maxillae. Tooth loss in the posterior maxillary region, combined with maxillary sinus pneumatization, results in insufficient bone volume for implant placement, making sinus floor elevation a fundamental and predictable surgical technique. The methodology was based on a search in the PubMed database, selecting articles published in the last five years in Portuguese and English. The results indicate that the choice between the lateral window technique and the transcrestal approach should be based on residual bone height, with the lateral approach indicated for remnants smaller than 4 to 5 mm. Technological advances are highlighted, particularly the osseodensification technique and the use of piezoelectric devices to reduce complications, such as perforation of the Schneiderian membrane. Regarding biomaterials, although autogenous bone remains the gold standard, xenografts and the use of platelet concentrates (L-PRF) show excellent results in accelerating new bone formation and healing. It is concluded that maxillary sinus lift is a safe procedure when preceded by careful three-dimensional planning, enabling satisfactory functional rehabilitation in patients with severe maxillary atrophy.
Claudionor Ribeiro de Vasconcelos Ferreira Neto
THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT OF CHILDHOOD GINGIVITIS: MECHANICAL BIOFILM CONTROL PROTOCOLS AND ORAL HYGIENE
Biofilm-induced gingivitis is a common inflammatory condition in childhood, characterized by a reversible gingival response to the accumulation of bacterial plaque. Although it presents a local character, recent evidence indicates that childhood oral health may influence future systemic outcomes, reinforcing the importance of early preventive strategies. The present study aimed to discuss the main therapeutic management protocols for childhood gingivitis, with emphasis on mechanical biofilm control, oral hygiene interventions, and modulating factors associated with diet and socioeconomic context. This is a narrative literature review conducted in the PubMed database, including studies published over the last five years. The results demonstrate that interactive educational approaches, especially those mediated by digital tools and playful models, show greater effectiveness in reducing plaque and gingival bleeding indices compared to conventional verbal instructions. It was also observed that periodic professional follow-up and continuous motivation favor rapid clinical responses, with a significant reduction in inflammatory signs. Furthermore, appropriate dietary habits, with lower sugar consumption and higher intake of dairy proteins, contribute to the control of gingival inflammation. Family and socioeconomic factors also exert a relevant influence on adherence to preventive practices. It is concluded that the therapeutic management of childhood gingivitis should be multidimensional, integrating mechanical biofilm control, health education, nutritional guidance, and family involvement in order to promote oral health throughout childhood.
THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT OF ODONTOGENIC KERATOCYST: FROM SIMPLE ENUCLEATION TO ADJUVANT TECHNIQUES
Odontogenic Keratocyst (OKC) is a lesion of odontogenic origin recognized for its aggressive biological behavior and high recurrence rate, making its therapeutic management a significant clinical challenge. In this context, several surgical approaches have been proposed over time, ranging from conservative methods such as simple enucleation and marsupialization to more aggressive techniques associated with adjuvant treatments. This study aims to review the therapeutic management of OKC, analyzing the main surgical techniques currently employed and the most effective adjuvant methods in reducing recurrence rates. The literature demonstrates that simple enucleation is associated with higher recurrence rates. On the other hand, the association of enucleation with adjuvant techniques such as peripheral ostectomy, chemical cauterization with Carnoy’s solution, and cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen has proven to be more effective in eliminating epithelial remnants and satellite cysts, significantly reducing lesion recurrence and providing better clinical outcomes.
BONE RECONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES WITH AUTOGENOUS GRAFTS: INDICATIONS AND DONOR SITE SELECTION CRITERIA
The long-term viability of dental implants is intrinsically linked to the presence of robust bone support. In cases of tooth loss resulting in severe resorption, ridge reconstruction becomes an indispensable step, and autogenous grafting is widely recognized as the gold standard due to its biological triad: osteogenesis, osteoinduction, and osteoconduction. This narrative review examines contemporary bone reconstruction techniques and the criteria for donor site selection, based on evidence collected from the PubMed database over the past ten years. The data indicate that, in addition to traditional autologous bone, the use of processed dental tissues (such as dentin) has emerged as an alternative with high biocompatibility and low morbidity, delivering solid clinical outcomes. In the management of horizontal defects in esthetic areas, the combination of bone chips with cortical barriers has proven effective in minimizing postoperative discomfort without compromising volumetric gain. On the other hand, cases of greater structural complexity may still require harvesting from extraoral sites. In summary, the success of regeneration lies in the clinician’s ability to select the technique that best balances the patient’s volumetric demand with biological preservation, reaffirming the superiority of the individual’s own tissue in achieving high-quality and stable newly formed bone.
Maria Eduarda Coutinho Figueirêdo de Araújo
ENVIRONMENTAL RISK MANAGEMENT IN THE WORKPLACE: IDENTIFICATION AND MITIGATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS AFFECTING WORKER HEALTH AND SAFETY
Environmental risk management in the workplace plays a fundamental role in protecting worker health and ensuring safe and sustainable organizational operations. Occupational environments often expose workers to a wide range of environmental hazards, including chemical agents, physical stressors, biological contaminants, and ergonomic risks, which can lead to acute injuries, chronic illnesses, and reduced productivity. This article examines how environmental risks in the workplace can be systematically identified, assessed, and mitigated using evidence-based occupational health and safety practices. Emphasis is placed on hazard recognition, risk assessment methodologies, implementation of the hierarchy of controls, continuous environmental and health monitoring, and worker participation. By integrating proactive risk management strategies with regulatory compliance and organizational culture, workplaces can significantly reduce environmental health risks, enhance worker wellbeing, and improve overall safety performance.
PROJECT MANAGEMENT IN FOREIGN TRADE SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATIONS: APPLICATION OF THE PMI METHODOLOGY IN REGULATED ENVIRONMENTS
The implementation of foreign trade software projects occurs within highly regulated environments where technological, legal, and organizational complexities intersect. These projects require rigorous management practices to ensure compliance with customs regulations, operational continuity, and stakeholder alignment. This article analyzes the application of the Project Management Institute (PMI) methodology in foreign trade software implementations, emphasizing scope definition, risk management, schedule control, compliance governance, and stakeholder management. By applying structured project management processes, organizations can mitigate regulatory and operational risks, reduce implementation delays, and improve system reliability. The analysis demonstrates that integrating compliance requirements into project governance frameworks enhances both project performance and regulatory adherence. The findings highlight the relevance of PMI-based methodologies as strategic instruments for managing complex software projects in regulated international trade environments.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF DIFFUSE LOGISTICS IN URBAN CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION DEBRIS MANAGEMENT
Urban construction and demolition (C&D) activities generate large volumes of debris that, when managed through fragmented and poorly coordinated logistics systems, produce significant environmental impacts. Diffuse logistics characterized by decentralized waste generation, informal transport, and irregular disposal pathways intensify greenhouse gas emissions, promote illegal dumping, and undermine material recovery and circular economy objectives. This article examines the environmental consequences associated with diffuse C&D waste logistics in urban contexts and discusses strategies through which cities can mitigate these negative effects. Drawing on academic literature and institutional reports, the analysis highlights the roles of regulatory frameworks, economic incentives, infrastructure investment, and social inclusion in improving environmental performance. The findings suggest that transforming diffuse waste flows into structured material management systems can substantially reduce emissions, conserve natural resources, and support sustainable urban development.
The Role of Marketing in the Launch of New Products
The launch of new products represents a critical stage in organizational growth and competitive strategy, as it determines market acceptance, brand positioning, and long-term performance. This article examines the role of marketing in the successful introduction of new products, emphasizing its strategic and operational contributions throughout the launch process. Drawing on established marketing theories and empirical studies, the discussion highlights how market research, segmentation, positioning, and integrated communication reduce uncertainty and enhance consumer adoption. In addition, the article reflects on professional experiences in product launch activities, illustrating how customer-oriented strategies, cross-functional coordination, and data-driven decision-making contribute to improved launch outcomes. The analysis demonstrates that effective marketing acts as a bridge between innovation and the market, transforming technical solutions into value propositions that resonate with consumers and support sustainable competitive advantage.
Inclusive Sport and Education: Adapting Physical Activity for Children with Physical and Intellectual Disabilities
Inclusive sport and physical education play a fundamental role in promoting equity, health, and social participation among children with physical and intellectual disabilities. Beyond physical benefits, inclusive sports environments foster psychosocial development, self-esteem, autonomy, and a sense of belonging. This article discusses inclusive approaches to working with children with disabilities in sport and physical education contexts, combining evidence from academic literature with reflective practice based on professional experience. Emphasis is placed on pedagogical flexibility, environmental adaptation, individualized instruction, and peer support as key strategies for ensuring meaningful participation. By adapting activities, communication methods, and learning expectations, educators and coaches can create inclusive spaces where children with diverse abilities are empowered to develop not only athletic skills but also personal and social competencies. The article argues that inclusive sport is not merely a technical adjustment, but an ethical commitment to diversity, dignity, and equal opportunity in childhood development.
RISK MANAGEMENT IN INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECT PLANNING: METHODS AND PREVENTIVE STRATEGIES
Infrastructure projects are inherently exposed to a wide range of uncertainties due to their scale, complexity, long execution periods, and significant financial and social impacts. In this context, risk management plays a critical role in supporting effective planning and decision making, contributing to improved project performance and resilience. This article examines risk management in the planning of infrastructure projects, with a focus on systematic risk identification, qualitative and quantitative risk analysis, and the development of preventive and mitigation strategies. By integrating structured methodologies and analytical tools into the planning phase, project teams can better anticipate potential disruptions, allocate resources more efficiently, and reduce the likelihood and impact of adverse events. The discussion highlights the importance of proactive risk management practices in enhancing cost and schedule predictability, strengthening stakeholder confidence, and increasing the overall probability of project success in complex infrastructure environments.
MODERN TECHNOLOGIES AND TECHNIQUES OF MEGA HAIR FOR SENSITIVE SCALPS OR ABSENCE OF NATURAL HAIR
The advancement of mega hair technologies has increasingly incorporated dermatological and biomechanical principles to address the needs of individuals with sensitive scalps or partial to complete absence of natural hair. Traditional high-tension extension methods have been associated with follicular stress and traction-related alopecia, prompting the development of safer, low-tension alternatives. This article examines modern traction-free and scalp-preserving mega hair techniques, including tape-based systems, clip-in extensions, halo designs, micro-attachments, and lace-based hair prostheses. Emphasis is placed on mechanical load distribution, material biocompatibility, and biomimetic design as key factors in reducing dermatological risk while maintaining aesthetic realism. By integrating knowledge from cosmetology, dermatology, and material science, contemporary mega hair solutions offer improved comfort, safety, and inclusivity. The findings highlight the importance of individualized scalp assessment, professional application, and routine maintenance to ensure long-term scalp health and user well-being.
THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT OF CANINE LEPTOSPIROSIS: SUPPORTIVE PROTOCOLS AND ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY
Canine leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease with a global distribution, caused by pathogenic spirochetes of the genus Leptospira, presenting high clinical, epidemiological, and public health relevance. In dogs, it manifests in a multisystemic and clinically variable manner, often evolving to acute kidney injury and liver dysfunction. This work is a literature review aiming to discuss current antibiotic therapy and clinical support strategies in the therapeutic management of canine leptospirosis. The findings indicate that treatment should be initiated early, even in the clinical suspicion phase, with antibiotic therapy being essential for controlling bacteremia and eliminating renal colonization, associated with individualized supportive therapies according to the affected organs. It is highlighted that effective control of canine leptospirosis requires a multidisciplinary approach, well-established therapeutic protocols, and rigorous biosecurity measures, aiming at patient recovery and reducing the risk of zoonotic transmission.
Copyright (c) 2026 Júlia Mayumi Imamura, Maria Clara Pereira Roque, Julia Pereira Bicalho, Sheila Nogueira Saraiva da Silva, Luana Bucher, Lorrana Costa Santos, Elise Vitória Leite Santos, Luara Maria Lima Alberti, Juliana da Silva Pessoa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN DOGS: SUPPORTIVE STRATEGIES AND LONGEVITY
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in dogs represents a substantial clinical challenge due to its progressive and irreversible evolution. Traditionally, therapeutic management is based on staging and controlling secondary complications such as hypertension, electrolyte disturbances, and intestinal dysbiosis. However, recent studies support multimodal approaches capable of directly interfering with the pathophysiological mechanisms that drive disease progression. In this scenario, the gut-kidney axis contributes to the morbidity and progression of CKD, becoming a fundamental therapeutic basis. The literature highlights that intestinal dysbiosis promotes the dysregulation of metabolic processes and systemic inflammation, favoring the accumulation of uremic toxins that exacerbate kidney damage. Therefore, strategic dietary management, with controlled protein restriction, increased fiber intake, and supplementation with essential amino acids, proves effective in modulating the microbiota, reducing the uremic load, and preserving lean mass. These strategies are complemented by intestinal microbiota replacement, adsorbents and vitamin D analogs for the control of secondary renal hyperparathyroidism, as well as individualized modulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. In parallel, the application of sensitive biomarkers, such as symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), allows for early diagnosis and more rigorous monitoring of CKD progression. In short, the integration of personalized interventions is crucial to optimize survival and ensure the quality of life of canine nephropathic patients.
Copyright (c) 2026 Júlia Mayumi Imamura, Érica Nunes dos Santos, Eliomar Oliveira da Silva, Paula Rejane Leal Ferreira Ramos, Gabryelle Pereira Alves da Silva, Leonardo Costacurta, Juliett Ribas Assis, Thais de Moraes Silva, Fernanda Araújo Gomes https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
CHALLENGES AND ADVANCES IN CATTLE REPRODUCTIVE MANAGEMENT
Bovine reproduction is a fundamental pillar for the economic and productive viability of livestock farming; however, it faces challenges in fertility and genetic improvement due to low heritability in selection programs focused primarily on productivity. This results in undesirable genetic imbalances, directly impacting reproductive efficiency and animal welfare. This study aimed to review and analyze recent advances in the field, emphasizing the integration of genomics, physiology, and management. The methodology consisted of a literature review of articles published between 2020 and 2025 in the PubMed database. The analyzed studies demonstrate that, despite the low heritability of reproductive traits, consistent gains can be achieved through more refined and integrated selective strategies, especially with the identification of selection signatures associated with fertility, environmental adaptation, and productive longevity. Furthermore, the study highlights the relevance of including male fertility assessment and the use of digital monitoring technologies to support reproductive management. The results indicate that the application of genomic tools, combined with reproductive assessment and appropriate management, contributes to improving reproductive efficiency and the sustainability of bovine reproduction systems in modern animal production systems.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ana Edvirgens Vasconcelos de Souza, Lucas Lobato Kalume Reis, Leandro Giroux Gomes, Eliomar Oliveira da Silva, Hainoã Migdally Silva, Lorrana Costa Santos, Natalie Oliveira da Silva, Átila Bonfim Ferreira Cavalcante https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
MECHANIZED AND ROTARY SYSTEMS IN ROOT CANAL PREPARATION
The biomechanical preparation of the root canal system is a fundamental step for the success of endodontic treatment, as it is directly related to the removal of microorganisms, organic tissues, and dentinal debris. With technological advances, mechanized and rotary nickel-titanium (NiTi) systems have assumed a central role in clinical practice, providing greater efficiency, predictability, and safety when compared to traditional manual instrumentation. The present study aims to review recent scientific literature on mechanized and rotary systems used in root canal preparation, discussing their characteristics, advantages, limitations, and association with irrigation protocols. This is a narrative bibliographic review conducted using the PubMed database, with the selection of articles published over the last five years. The analyzed studies demonstrate that mechanized systems promote better centering of canal preparation, reduction of procedural errors, and optimization of clinical time, especially in curved canals and those with complex anatomy. However, evidence indicates that no instrumentation technique is capable of reaching all root canal surfaces, making the association with chemical irrigants and activation methods indispensable. It is concluded that mechanized and rotary systems represent a significant advance in contemporary endodontics, provided they are used judiciously and integrated into effective irrigation protocols.
STABILITY IN ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY IN CLASS III PATIENTS
Skeletal Class III malocclusion represents a complex dentofacial deformity characterized by discrepancies between the maxillary and mandibular skeletal bases, with significant aesthetic, functional, and psychosocial repercussions. In adult patients, bimaxillary orthognathic surgery has been widely recognized as the standard treatment for the definitive correction of these alterations; however, postoperative skeletal stability remains one of the main clinical challenges, as relapse may compromise the results achieved in the medium and long term. This study aimed to review recent literature on postoperative stability in Class III patients undergoing orthognathic surgery, with emphasis on factors associated with bone and condylar adaptation, three-dimensional planning, and clinical implications for maintaining outcomes. This is a narrative literature review based on studies published in recent years (2022 to 2025) addressing biomechanical, articular, and technological aspects related to orthognathic surgery. The findings demonstrate that bimaxillary surgery promotes significant improvements in facial aesthetics, skeletal symmetry, occlusion, and quality of life. Maxillary positioning and fixation show greater predictability compared to the mandible due to several factors. Postoperative stability is multifactorial and influenced by the magnitude of surgical movements, temporomandibular joint adaptation, neuromuscular response, and the use of three-dimensional virtual planning. Although the incidence of condylar resorption in Class III patients is lower than that observed in other skeletal deformities, this condition remains clinically relevant. It is concluded that bimaxillary orthognathic surgery, when properly indicated, planned, and performed, constitutes an effective and highly stable approach for the treatment of skeletal Class III, surpassing orthodontic camouflage in cases with significant skeletal discrepancy.
THERAPEUTIC APPROACH TO AMELOBLASTOMA: REHABILITATION PROTOCOLS AND RECURRENCE CONTROL
In the context of stomatology and head and neck surgery, ameloblastoma plays a prominent role. Although defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a benign entity, it exhibits biologically aggressive behavior, characterized by an infiltrative growth pattern and high recurrence rates, which demands an in-depth understanding of its pathogenic and clinical aspects to achieve a favorable prognosis. Ameloblastoma is an odontogenic neoplasm of epithelial lineage that, despite being histologically benign according to the WHO, displays a biological phenotype marked by aggressive medullary infiltration, progressive expansion, and elevated recurrence rates. The complexity of clinical management lies in the dichotomy between complete eradication of tumor margins and preservation of the functional and aesthetic integrity of the stomatognathic system. The analysis of contemporary therapeutic modalities indicates that the transition between conservative interventions and radical resections should be based on rigorous mapping of the histopathological subtype and the cortical extent of the lesion. In parallel, the integration of molecular biomarkers and immediate prosthetic reconstruction techniques redefines prognosis, enabling an approach that goes beyond strict oncological control. Clinical resolution and mitigation of tumor recurrence depend on individualized management, with particular attention to patient age and specific tumor biology. It is imperative that therapeutic outcomes be supported by longitudinal surveillance protocols and multidisciplinary rehabilitation, ensuring morphofunctional restoration and long-term preservation of quality of life.
RADIOGRAPHIC DIAGNOSIS OF INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL ROOT RESORPTIONS
Root resorption corresponds to the progressive loss of mineralized dental tissues and may occur in a physiological, pathological, or idiopathic manner. This resorption can affect both the internal and external surfaces of the tooth, presenting different etiological mechanisms, radiographic patterns, and therapeutic implications. Early diagnosis is crucial for the prognosis of the dental element and for defining the most appropriate clinical approach; however, diagnosis often occurs sporadically during routine clinical and radiographic examinations, making a favorable prognosis more difficult. Conventional radiographs, such as periapical and panoramic images, are widely used as initial evaluation methods; nevertheless, because they are two-dimensional examinations, they present important limitations, including structural overlap, distortions, and low sensitivity for early lesions, with computed tomography being the most satisfactory examination for diagnosing this condition. This study is characterized as a narrative literature review, conducted through a systematized survey of scientific literature in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, using the descriptors “Tooth Resorption,” “Root Resorption,” “Radiography,” and “Diagnosis,” combined with Boolean operators; articles published in the last five years, available in full text and directly addressing the use of radiographic methods in the diagnosis of internal and external root resorptions were included, while duplicate studies, isolated case reports, and publications lacking methodological rigor were excluded. The selection process occurred in stages, including the reading of titles and abstracts and the critical analysis of full texts. The results demonstrate that Cone Beam Computed Tomography presents greater sensitivity and specificity compared to conventional radiographs, enabling detailed three-dimensional visualization, better differentiation between types of resorption, and volumetric analysis of root loss, leading to the conclusion that CBCT is a fundamental tool for the diagnosis and monitoring of root resorptions, especially in complex cases involving recovery and orthodontic movement.
TREATMENT OF TRICHOMONIASIS: CLINICAL MANAGEMENT AND IMPACT ON WOMEN’S HEALTH
Trichomoniasis, caused by the protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis, is one of the most prevalent non-viral sexually transmitted infections (STIs) worldwide, with serious repercussions for women’s health. This narrative review analyzes contemporary clinical management, highlighting changes in therapeutic guidelines in which the metronidazole regimen (500 mg, twice daily for 7 days) has demonstrated superiority over the single 2 g dose in reducing recurrence in women. Diagnosis has evolved with the consolidation of Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests (NAATs) as the gold standard, which are essential for identifying the approximately 85% of asymptomatic cases. The study addresses the epidemiological synergy between the parasite and increased susceptibility to HIV (a 50% increase in risk), mediated by inflammatory processes and damage to the epithelial barrier, as well as serious obstetric risks such as preterm birth and premature rupture of membranes. It is concluded that effective management requires the concomitant treatment of sexual partners through Expedited Partner Therapy (EPT) and systematic screening in vulnerable populations to interrupt the chain of transmission and mitigate reproductive harm.
Maria Angélica Bernardini Almeida de Oliveira
THERAPEUTIC APPROACH TO UREMIC PERICARDITIS
Uremic pericarditis is an inflammatory condition affecting the pericardium in patients with severe renal dysfunction, particularly those with end-stage renal disease. Toxic metabolic byproducts accumulate in the bloodstream, triggering inflammation of this fibroelastic sac. Common clinical features include positional chest pain, a pericardial friction rub, and, in advanced cases, signs of cardiac tamponade. Uremic pericarditis is currently rare due to improved hemodialysis practices, but its decreasing frequency may contribute to delayed diagnosis. Early echocardiographic evaluation is essential in suspected cases to identify pericardial effusion or hemodynamic compromise. Although most patients improve with intensification of dialysis, some require surgical intervention, such as pericardiocentesis or the creation of a pericardial window, to relieve tamponade or obtain tissue for diagnostic purposes.
MANAGEMENT OF CONGENITAL HEARING LOSS: EARLY INTERVENTION STRATEGIES
Congenital hearing loss affects approximately 1 to 2 per 1,000 live births, with more than 50% of cases presenting a hereditary etiology. Early recognition of these causes, combined with effective neonatal hearing screening through Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions (TEOAE) and Automated Auditory Brainstem Response (AABR), allows not only timely detection of hearing impairment but also etiological characterization, with a direct impact on therapeutic decision-making, functional prognosis, and family counseling. In this context, advances in molecular genetics and the development of gene therapies have emerged as promising perspectives for the future treatment of monogenic forms of congenital hearing loss (Mey et al., 2025; Lieu et al., 2020; Taylor et al., 2021). Without appropriate treatment, congenital hearing loss can lead to deficits in the development of communication, behavior, and intellect (Lieu et al., 2020; Zhang et al., 2025). Considering this, the identification of congenital hearing loss through Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions (TEOAE) and Automated Auditory Brainstem Response (AABR) in neonatal hearing screening programs is crucial to initiate early rehabilitation with hearing aids or cochlear implants (Mey et al., 2025).
THERAPEUTIC APPROACH TO AGORAPHOBIA: PHARMACOLOGICAL AND COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL STRATEGIES
Agoraphobia, currently recognized as an independent diagnostic entity, is characterized by intense fear and avoidance of situations in which escape is perceived as difficult or help unavailable. This disorder causes profound functional impairment, affecting approximately 2% of adolescents and presenting high rates of comorbidities and suicide risk. This narrative review analyzes recent scientific evidence on the management of agoraphobia, emphasizing the integration of pharmacotherapy and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT). In the pharmacological domain, Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) are established as first-line treatment, while the use of benzodiazepines should be restricted to the acute phase to avoid inhibition of therapeutic habituation. In the psychotherapeutic field, exposure techniques remain the gold standard, enhanced by technological innovations such as Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy (VRET) and self-guided digital interventions. The study also highlights the relevance of metacognitive beliefs in the maintenance of the disorder. It is concluded that a multidisciplinary and technologically integrated approach is essential to break the cycle of avoidance and promote sustained functional recovery.
THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT OF DIABETIC POLYNEUROPATHY: FROM GLYCEMIC CONTROL TO PAIN MANAGEMENT
Diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) is the most common chronic complication of Diabetes Mellitus, affecting more than 50% of patients and severely impacting quality of life. This narrative review analyzes recent scientific evidence on the therapeutic management of DPN, ranging from pathophysiology to pain control. The pathogenesis is multifactorial, involving oxidative stress, advanced glycation, and microvascular dysfunction, which result in symmetric distal axonal damage (the “glove-and-stocking” pattern). Diagnosis remains essentially clinical, based on medical history and sensory testing using monofilaments and tuning forks. Therapeutic strategies are based on three pillars: strict metabolic control (glycemic and lipid), pathogenetic interventions (alpha-lipoic acid and benfotiamine), and management of neuropathic pain. For symptomatic relief, first-line agents such as pregabalin, duloxetine, and amitriptyline have demonstrated efficacy, with growing evidence (OPTION-DM study) supporting combination therapies for refractory cases. It is concluded that a multidimensional and individualized approach is essential to delay disease progression and reduce the risk of severe outcomes, such as ulcerations and amputations.