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NON-CONVENTIONAL FOOD PLANTS (PANCS) AS SOURCES OF BIOACTIVE COLORANTS: INTEGRATION WITH NANOTECHNOLOGY, ADVANCED ENCAPSULATION, SMART MATERIALS, AND CIRCULAR ECONOMY IN FOOD TECHNOLOGY
Non-Conventional Food Plants (PANC´s) have great potential for use as natural bioactive pigments for the food industry in response to the growing demand for clean label ingredients. Although rich in anthocyanins, betalains and carotenoids, which provide attractive coloration and relevant functional properties, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, the inherent instability of these natural colorants under variations of pH, light and temperature, limits their application on an industrial scale. The present study proposes and discusses the integration of cutting-edge technologies to overcome this limitation. Nanotechnology and advanced encapsulation are presented as crucial tools to increase stability, protect and control the release of bioactive compounds. Additionally, the application of these natural pigments in smart materials allows the development of active films and packaging, capable of acting as freshness and quality indicators, reinforcing food safety. The approach is complemented by the perspective of the circular economy that aims at the integral use of PANC´s biomass, reducing waste and promoting sustainability. It is concluded that there is synergy between PANC´s and these technological innovations that represent a promising and sustainable path for the effective replacement of synthetic colorants in food technology promoting health, functionality and environmental responsibility.
Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DYSFUNCTION AND ANXIETY IN DENTISTRY STUDENTS: EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY
According to the American Academy of Orofacial Pain (AAOP), temporomandibular disorders (TMD) comprise a set of musculoskeletal and neuromuscular problems that affect the temporomandibular joints (TMJ), the muscles of mastication, and related structures. Given this definition, the present study aims to investigate the prevalence of TMD and anxiety disorders among students enrolled in the FAMINAS BH dentistry course, and to correlate these two phenomena to determine whether there is a relationship with course progression. To achieve this objective, a questionnaire was conducted in conjunction with the extraoral examination in groups of students from the initial, intermediate, and final periods to verify the existence of a relationship between psychological and physical conditions related to TMJ. It is concluded that this study reveals a significant association between psychological conditions and TMD in dentistry students. Anxiety and depression are prevalent and are associated with muscular TMD. Furthermore, course progression contributes to an increase in the prevalence of TMD, especially in the final stages.
HOW DO SALINITY AND WATER DEFICIT INFLUENCE THE INITIAL DEVELOPMENT OF CAATINGA SEEDLINGS?
The Caatinga presents high climatic variability, marked by long periods of drought, irregular rainfall, and high evapotranspiration rates, factors that shape vegetation dynamics. The intensification of anthropogenic activities, especially deforestation and irrigated agriculture with inadequate management, has expanded processes of salinization and environmental degradation, compromising the establishment and regeneration of native vegetation. In this context, understanding the effects of salinity and water scarcity on the early stages of plant development is essential to support conservation and ecological restoration strategies. Salinization, whether of natural or anthropogenic origin, reduces the soil’s osmotic potential, hinders water and nutrient uptake, and causes ionic toxicity, affecting germination, growth, and physiology. In Caatinga species, these effects include decreased germination speed and percentage, accumulation of reactive oxygen species, plasmolysis, nutritional disorders, and severe reductions in early growth, with losses exceeding 90% in some sensitive species. At the same time, recurrent water deficit intensifies developmental limitations by promoting stomatal closure, reducing CO₂ assimilation and compromising gas exchange, biomass accumulation, and leaf expansion. Evidence shows wide interspecific variation in responses to these stresses, involving osmotic adjustments, morphological changes, antioxidant mechanisms, and biomass allocation strategies. This functional diversity highlights both the vulnerability and the adaptive potential of Caatinga species in the face of environmental changes. The evidence found showed that salinity and water deficit act as the main limiting factors for the establishment of Caatinga species, directly affecting germination processes, initial growth, and physiological functioning. Although many species exhibit adaptive mechanisms capable of mitigating part of these effects, the intensity and combination of stresses often result in significant reductions in plant performance.
THE DYNAMICS OF SOIL ORGANIC CARBON IN THE CAATINGA: IMPACT OF EDAPHOCLIMATIC CHARACTERISTICS, DEGRADATION, AND VEGETATION REGENERATION
The Caatinga, one of the most representative biomes in Brazil, occupies an extensive area in the Semi-arid region, characterized by severe edaphoclimatic limitations, such as a semi-arid climate, high temperatures, and shallow, low-fertility soils. Nevertheless, this biome has high ecological potential, especially in regulating the carbon cycle, being capable of storing organic carbon in the soil when its xerophilous vegetation is preserved. This book chapter explores the crucial interactions between vegetation cover, edaphoclimatic conditions, and the dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC) in the Caatinga. It analyzes how irregular rainfall patterns, intense evapotranspiration, and poor soils influence carbon storage. It discusses the effects of anthropogenic pressure (deforestation and overgrazing), which accelerate degradation and transform the soil into a source of CO₂. In contrast, it highlights the strategic role of natural vegetation regeneration in restoring SOC stocks, soil fertility, and ecosystem resilience. The observations reinforce the need for sustainable management strategies for the conservation of native vegetation, essential for mitigating climate change and maintaining ecosystem services.
Alexandre Maniçoba da Rosa Ferraz Jardim
AGRICULTURAL RESILIENCE IN THE BRAZILIAN SEMI-ARID REGION: DEFICIT IRRIGATION AND PERFORMANCE OF ELEPHANT GRASS CV. BRS CAPIAÇU
This study reviews the main aspects related to the characterization of the Brazilian semi-arid region and agricultural resilience strategies, focusing on deficit irrigation and the physiological responses of plants subjected to water and saline stress. The semi-arid region presents high climatic variability and low-fertility soils, which limit agricultural productivity and reinforce the need for more efficient management practices. Deficit irrigation emerges as an alternative to optimize water use, allowing savings of up to 20% in water consumption and 30% in energy use, without significantly compromising production. Recent studies show that different crops respond differently to reductions in irrigation depth, making it possible to identify optimal application levels that reconcile productivity and water use efficiency. Elephant grass cv. BRS Capiaçu stands out among tropical forages due to its high biomass productivity and ability to adapt to adverse moisture and soil conditions. However, its performance is directly related to proper irrigation management, fertilization, and cutting frequency. Under water and saline stress conditions, plants activate antioxidant and osmotic defense mechanisms that contribute to maintaining homeostasis and physiological activity. Therefore, integrated water management and the use of adapted cultivars constitute essential tools for the sustainability of productive systems in the semi-arid region.
THE AFTER-EFFECT OF COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENTS AND ADPF 323
This article analyzes the developments arising from Allegation of Breach of Fundamental Precept No. 323 (ADPF 323), ruled by the Brazilian Federal Supreme Court, in relation to Precedent 277 of the Superior Labor Court, in light of the foundational principles of Collective Labor Law. The study examines the constitutionality of the ultra-activity of collective agreements after the expiration of their formal validity, discusses the normative function of collective bargaining, the grounds for the Supreme Court's decisions, and the impacts of this jurisprudence on the protection of workers’ rights and the dynamics of collective labor relations.
Action for Breach of Fundamental Precept No. 323
Precedent 277 of the Superior Labor Court
THE LEGAL PROTECTION OF HORSES: THE ANALYSIS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL CRIMES LAW AND ITS EFFECTIVENESS
The purpose of this study is to reflect on the legal protection granted to horses in Brazil, in light of the Environmental Crimes Law (Law No. 9.605/1998). The research is based on the following question: although Brazilian legislation effectively guarantees protection to these animals, why do various forms of exploitation of this species still occur? The hypothesis considered is that, although environmental legislation represents a significant advancement in the Brazilian legal system, its effectiveness still faces structural shortcomings and the need for revision of legal norms, in order to ensure better cultural and social control that affects the real protection of horses. The main objective of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of the Environmental Crimes Law with regard to the protection of horses in Brazil. More specifically, it seeks to: (i) present the historical evolution of animal protection within the Brazilian legal framework; (ii) examine environmental case law applicable to the guardianship of horses; (iii) discuss practical cases of abuse, such as their use in carts and in vaquejadas; and (iv) reflect on the obstacles and prospects for making this protection more effective. The specific objectives are: to understand the historical evolution of animal protection in Brazil; to analyze the Environmental Crimes Law and its amendments; to study practical cases of horse exploitation, such as work in carts and their use in vaquejadas; and to reflect on the challenges and prospects for the effectiveness of this protection. The methodology adopted is exploratory, qualitative, descriptive, and explanatory in nature, based on bibliographic, documentary, and historical research, as well as case law analysis, using current legislation, judicial decisions, and specialized doctrine as sources. The results indicate that, although Brazilian legislation has advanced in the legal protection of animals, the effectiveness of the law is superficial and often ineffective. This is essentially due to the lack of proper enforcement, the leniency of the penalties applied, and conflicts between environmental protection and cultural and economic considerations. It is concluded that the legal protection of horses in Brazil needs to be strengthened through stricter enforcement and penalties, with the proper application of sanctions and the encouragement of cultural changes that recognize animals as sentient beings.
LIBERATING PEDAGOGY AS A METHODOLOGY FOR HUMAN RIGHTS EDUCATION
The study aims to investigate the implementation of liberating pedagogy as a methodology for human rights education. The National Plan for Human Rights Education, structured on the basis of the World Programme for Human Rights Education into five strategic axes, has supported the State in its commitment to the realization of human rights through public educational policies. On the other hand, the debate on education in and for human rights remains one of the major contemporary challenges. Even today, a reality far from the ideal persists, characterized by inequalities and exclusions in the economic, social, cultural, ethnic-racial, and gender spheres, thus demanding new approaches through a liberating pedagogy that empowers individuals, encourages critical thinking, and forms conscious citizens who respect human values, especially the dignity of the human person, without any distinction of race, creed, gender, social class, or sexual orientation. The construction of a liberating educational system that shapes future citizens committed to respecting and promoting human rights depends on the expansion of spaces for listening, debate, and dialogue, fostering transversality and enabling a critical reading of the world and the confrontation of the dilemmas experienced in the 21st century.
ADHERENCE OF THE FEDERAL INSTITUTES OF EDUCATION TO THE ENVIRONMENTAL AGENDA IN THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
The Environmental Agenda in Public Administration (A3P) is a voluntary action by public institutions to reduce their negative socio-environmental impacts, in the context of environmental management and sustainability and in compliance with the principle of efficiency. In this sense, the Public Teaching Institutions (IEP) have a prominent role, because in addition to training professionals and conscious citizens, their campuses must have the same environmental concerns as a small city. The study analyzes how institutions from the same region, with similar structures and objectives, deal differently with the environmental issue. By analyzing these institutions with a single checklist, it becomes possible to externalize these differences. With the objective of evaluating the level of adherence of the Federal Institutes of Education of the Southern Region of Brazil to the axes of the Environmental Agenda in Public Administration. Being a qualitative and descriptive research with secondary data available on the websites of the Institutes, with analysis through a checklist formed by the items of the 6 thematic axes of the A3P. With the systematization of the data, it was verified whether the management procedures that are in accordance with the requirements of the A3P, synthesized in the qualitative analysis of the data. It was identified that the Institutes are not formal partners of A3P, but seek to meet its requirements, with a high adherence to the A3P axes, another point identified is that there is no standardization in management reports. This work demonstrates the need for constant evaluations of the IEP to verify its evolution in environmental management.
Environmental Agenda in Public Administration (A3P)
INTERPROFESSIONAL EDUCATION AND READINESS FOR LEARNING IN MEDICAL STUDENTS: A LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS
The growing complexity of healthcare necessitates interprofessional education (IPE) to foster collaborative practice. This longitudinal, quantitative study investigated the evolution of medical students' Readiness for Interprofessional Learning (RIPL) at FAMERP, a Brazilian institution. Using the RIPLS scale, 48 students from the 2021 cohort were assessed at entry (T1), end of the basic cycle (T2), and end of the clinical cycle (T3), focusing on three factors: Teamwork and Collaboration (F1), Professional Identity (F2), and Patient-Centered Healthcare (F3). Results indicated high initial readiness for F1 and F3, but F1 and F2 demonstrated no significant evolution, maintaining stability across the course. Conversely, F3 exhibited a notable non-linear "inverted U" pattern, with a significant increase from T1 to T2, followed by a significant decline from T2 to T3. This trajectory suggests that while students possess a strong initial predisposition towards patient-centered care, clinical training realities may challenge this attitude. These findings emphasize the dynamic, non-linear nature of RIPL and highlight the critical need for systematic, adaptive IPE interventions throughout medical curricula, especially during advanced clinical stages, to effectively cultivate and sustain collaborative competencies and patient-centered approaches.
Readiness for Interprofessional Learning
Nathálie Neves Cheregatto Guardia de Barros
SELF-EFFICACY IN SPECIAL EDUCATION: A PSYCHOMETRIC PERSPECTIVE FOR CURRICULUM SPECIALIST TEACHERS
This chapter investigates the self-efficacy of Curriculum Specialist Teachers (PECs) in Special Education, a vital construct from Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory. The aim was to adapt the Self-efficacy Scale in Higher Education (AEFS) for the context of job performance, resulting in the Self-Efficacy Scale in Function Performance – Education Context (EAEF-Educ), and to analyze its psychometric properties. Sixty-six PECs from São Paulo's state network participated. Confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses (EGA and bootEGA) were employed. The original factor structure of the AEFS was not confirmed in the EAEF-Educ. EGA indicated a five-factor solution with adequate fit and reliability indices. A new nomenclature for these factors is proposed, reflecting dimensions such as knowledge application, social interaction, goal setting, compliance with external demands, and problem-solving. Results indicate a predominance of moderate self-efficacy and the presence of low levels, highlighting the need for interventions to strengthen these beliefs, optimizing PECs' professional development and enhancing Special Education policies.
LEGAL BOUNDARIES PREPAREDNESS AND CONTROL IN HEALTH AND BIOLOGICAL HAZARD RISK PLAN (HBHRP)
This chapter emphasizes legal boundaries and national ethical frameworks when public administration develops Health and Biological Hazard Risk Plans (HBHRP). The chapter emphasizes establishing a coordinated framework for strategies, preparedness, and control, particularly before making decisions and managing public health risks. The discussion focuses on international orientations like the Global Health Security Agenda (GHSA), World Health Organization (WHO), and International Development Law Organization (IDLO), which suggest guidelines for enhancing a country's capacity to prevent, detect, and respond to infectious disease outbreaks. International orientation addresses developing nations and less for countries participating in GHSA's exercises. The European Privacy Regulation (GDPR) is an example to explain potential legal conflicts. The chapter examines conflicts between private and public interests while proposing methods to resolve ethical dilemmas and build consensus. It is a priority to the preventive adjustment of the legislation framework before an HBHR plan.
BACTERIAL CELLULOSE: PRODUCTION AND APPLICATIONS IN FOOD INDUSTRY
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a natural biopolymer of high purity, free of lignin and hemicellulose, with high crystallinity, water retention capacity, and mechanical strength. Its production depends on factors such as strain selection (especially from the genus Komagataeibacter), culture medium composition, carbon source, pH, temperature, and cultivation method, with static fermentation being the most suitable for obtaining films with greater structural organization. The use of agro-industrial residues as substrates emerges as a sustainable and economically viable alternative. In the food industry, BC is recognized as GRAS by the FDA and has applications as a fat replacer, texturizing agent, stabilizer, and source of dietary fiber. Studies demonstrate improvements in ice cream creaminess, juiciness of plant-based burgers, emulsion stability, and the quality of reduced-fat cheeses and processed meats. In addition, it stands out in the production of active films and packaging with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, contributing to shelf-life extension. Thus, BC represents a sustainable and functional alternative for innovation in food products and packaging.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF YOUNG WOMEN DIAGNOSED WITH BREAST CANCER TREATED AT A MASTOLOGY SERVICE IN THE FEDERAL DISTRICT
Breast cancer remains one of the main public health challenges in Brazil, especially given the controversies related to the age of initiation of mammoFigureic screening. Although the guidelines of the Unified Health System (SUS) recommend population screening only from the age of 50, recent epidemiological evidence points to a significant incidence of the disease in younger women. In this context, the present study aimed to analyze the epidemiological, clinical, and diagnostic profile of women with breast cancer treated at a public mastology referral service in the Federal District, with an emphasis on the population under 50 years of age, contributing to the debate on the anticipation of screening to the age of 40. This is an observational, retrospective, cross-sectional, and descriptive study based on a review of medical records of patients treated at the mastology outpatient clinic of the Taguatinga Regional Hospital between January and December 2024. 171 cases of breast cancer were identified in women under 50 years of age, predominantly in the 40-49 age group. A high proportion of diagnoses at advanced stages, a high frequency of lymph node involvement, and a predominance of biologically aggressive tumor subtypes were observed, resulting in more invasive therapeutic approaches. The findings highlight a gap between the current screening policy and the observed epidemiological reality, reinforcing the need for a critical review of national guidelines and the implementation of organized early detection strategies starting at age 40.
The growth of telework, especially in the home office modality, has expanded labor flexibility and facilitated the balance between professional and personal life; however, it has also intensified ergonomic challenges that affect health, well-being, and productivity. In this context, cognitive ergonomics plays a central role, since remote work tends to increase mental demands related to multitasking, continuous use of digital technologies, the need for constant attention, and decision-making in highly demanding intellectual environments. Furthermore, the absence of clear boundaries between working time and personal time contributes to the intensification of mental workload, increasing the risk of cognitive fatigue, chronic stress, and burnout syndrome, with impacts on concentration, working memory, and performance. The literature highlights that the systematic analysis of cognitive risks in telework can be strengthened by specific tools for measuring perceived mental workload, enabling the identification of critical overload points and guiding preventive interventions. Strategies such as adjustments in task distribution and intensity, the establishment of breaks, implementation of institutional support policies, and work reorganization are fundamental to reducing occupational stress and promoting greater efficiency. Thus, the structured application of cognitive ergonomics to telework simultaneously contributes to the preservation of mental health and to the improvement of work quality and productivity.
TUMOR SIZE, TREATMENT PATTERNS, AND SURVIVAL IN NEURO-ONCOLOGY PATIENTS WITH GLIOBLASTOMA AFTER THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC - PRELIMINARY RESULTS
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted global healthcare, potentially leading to diagnostic delays in time-sensitive pathologies. Objective: To evaluate the impact of the pandemic-induced "diagnostic vacuum" on the clinical presentation, tumor volume, and survival of patients with Glioblastoma (GBM). Methods: A multicentric, retrospective cohort study was conducted comparing two distinct periods: Pre-Pandemic (2017–2019, n=55) and Post-Pandemic (2022–2025, n=55). Parameters included MRI-based volumetric analysis, Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS), and overall survival (OS). Results: Post-pandemic patients presented with significantly larger median tumor volumes (47.8 cm³ vs. 31.4 cm³; p=0.001) and lower median KPS at diagnosis (70 vs. 85; p=0.004). The odds ratio for receiving gross total resection (GTR) was significantly reduced (OR 0.62), directly impacting survival outcomes. Conclusion: Preliminary results obtained in the present study showed that the pandemic precipitated a "stage migration" in GBM, resulting in more advanced disease at presentation and diminished resectability. These findings underscore the urgent need for "fast-track" neuro-oncology referral systems to ensure oncological resilience during future systemic crises.
MENTAL HEALTH IN NURSING STUDENTS: STRESS, PSYCHIC MORBIDITY, AND THEIR SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC DETERMINANTS
This chapter investigates the prevalence of stress and psychic morbidity among nursing students, a population facing significant academic and professional demands. An observational, cross-sectional, quantitative study was conducted in 2025 with 104 UNIFUNEC nursing students, utilizing the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Results indicated that 55.80% of students were at risk for minor mental disorders, reporting moderate levels of perceived stress. Significant positive correlations emerged between depressive/anxious mood, somatic symptoms, decreased vital energy, and depressive thoughts. Sociodemographic analysis identified critical determinants: female gender (biological sex and identity) was consistently associated with higher stress and psychic morbidity. In contrast, parenthood, prior higher education experience (particularly course completion), and financial autonomy (self-funding studies) acted as significant protective factors, correlating with lower psychic suffering. These findings highlight the imperative for higher education institutions to develop and implement tailored, gender-sensitive psychosocial support strategies, robust financial aid programs, and initiatives that recognize and leverage diverse student experiences to cultivate resilience and well-being among aspiring healthcare professionals.
READING MEDIATION ACTIVITIES IN CHEMISTRY CLASSES ON HEALTHY EATING AND THE PERIODIC TABLE
The study of Chemistry can broaden the students' view of their universe of experiences, while considering such contexts can facilitate the understanding of this science. However, we realize that there is still resistance to its study by students, especially when faced with a teaching that privileges nomenclatures and calculations. Such teaching makes the student perceive chemistry from a stereotyped view, or in his words, as 'an even more complicated version of mathematics'. The present work proposes to present and discuss contributions of the interaction between reading mediation and chemistry teaching, since the use of scientific texts as a didactic resource can be considered as a means of facilitating. We start from the idea that, arousing curiosity in the search for new information, motivates the student to get involved in their learning, so it is important to promote their enculturation from elementary school, with the use of scientific language in the teaching and learning process of Chemistry. This research aims to propose reading mediation as a didactic resource in the teaching of Chemistry, through scientific literature, with the use of scientific articles - AC or scientific popularization texts - TDC, in order to promote and improve the construction of knowledge in the classroom. AC or TDC reading mediation are used as learning vehicles for students in the first year of high school, in a School of the Public Teaching Network of Ilha de Mosqueiro/PA and, above all, as a way to help students to think and to position itself critically before society. The preliminary results of this research suggest that reading mediation, associated with writing and discussion activities are relevant factors in the acquisition of chemical knowledge, contributing to the formation of a conscious and critical student about social problems. In summary, this interaction established between reader and scientific text can contribute to making learning more effective.
PINK OCTOBER PET EXTENSION PROJECT: THE IMPORTANCE OF RAISING AWARENESS AMONG PET OWNERS AND STUDENTS ABOUT BREAST CANCER IN VETERINARY MEDICINE
Mammary neoplasms are among the main oncological conditions in small animal practice, presenting high prevalence in female dogs and highly malignant behavior in female cats, and are frequently diagnosed at advanced stages. This scenario is associated, among other factors, with owners’ lack of information regarding the use of progestogens, early clinical signs, and preventive measures, such as early spaying. Therefore, the present study aimed to describe and analyze the importance of a university extension project, developed within the context of the “Pink October Pet” campaign, in raising awareness among dog and cat owners and in the technical-scientific training of Veterinary Medicine students regarding mammary cancer in female dogs and cats. This is an experience report of a descriptive and qualitative nature, carried out through in-person educational activities, a digital social media campaign, and a scientific event, involving owners, students, and professionals in the field. The results demonstrated a wide reach of the extension activities, both in person and on digital platforms, in addition to high participant engagement. An improvement in owners’ knowledge regarding prevention and early diagnosis was observed, as well as a significant contribution to the practical, scientific, and humanized training of the students involved. It is concluded that university extension projects constitute effective tools for animal health education, promoting community awareness and reinforcing the social role of the university in the prevention of mammary neoplasms in small animals.
Maria Augusta Freitas Barbosa Paiva de Lira
BETWEEN AVATARS AND ALGORITHMS: GOVERNING PARALLEL UNIVERSES IN THE AGE OF THE METAVERSE
This article examines the metaverse as a new architecture of social reality in which immersive digital environments governed by algorithms and artificial intelligence increasingly structure identity, value, power, and experience. Rather than approaching the metaverse as a speculative future technology, the study analyzes it as a set of sociotechnical architectures already in operation, as evidenced by algorithmic video platforms, generative AI, synthetic advertising, and identity simulation systems. Drawing on simulation theory, philosophy of information, and the political economy of data, the article argues that these environments produce a code-based ontology in which reality is computationally constructed rather than merely represented. The study introduces the theory of consciousness protection as a normative framework to address the cognitive, emotional, and decisional risks associated with the algorithmic colonization of human experience. Finally, the GIS Cycle (Governance, Innovation, and Sustainability) is applied as an analytical matrix to assess the institutional legitimacy, ethical responsibility, and social sustainability of metaverse governance.
PUPPET THEATRE FOR MIDDLE SCHOOL: HISTORY, MAIN TECHNIQUES, AND PROPOSALS FOR THE 6TH GRADE
This article briefly addresses the history and main types of Puppet Theatre, as well as its potential for pedagogical use in Art classes with 6th-grade students in Elementary School II. The research is justified by the scarcity of references on the subject in Maranhão, especially in São Luís, regarding the history and techniques of puppet making, a gap that has been partially filled by initiatives of the Casemiro Coco Group. In the educational field, puppet theatre is presented as a powerful methodology for teaching Art, as it integrates sensitivity, corporeality, and critical thinking, in accordance with the National Common Curricular Base. The overall objective of this research is to analyze Puppet Theatre in its main forms, techniques, and pedagogical possibilities, understanding its potential as an artistic language in the teaching of Art in Basic Education. Methodologically, this is a qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive-interpretative research, aimed at understanding Puppet Theatre and its pedagogical contributions. It was concluded that Puppet Theatre, as a plural and historically relevant artistic language, possesses significant pedagogical potential because, by integrating body, object, and imagination, it expands the expressive possibilities of students and fosters meaningful aesthetic experiences.
DEVELOPMENT OF A CUBESAT KIT FOR ACADEMIC PURPOSES: DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, AND APPLICATIONS
The disconnection between theory learned at school and the practical application of concepts in objects, items, or ideas that are apparently not tangible, such as a satellite, presents itself as a difficulty in the Brazilian educational system, aiming to bridge the gap between theory and the practical objective of science and technology education, while also seeking to spark curiosity and interest among teachers for technological development. This article begins with a bibliographic review to explore concepts and practices related to CubeSat kits for academic use. The practical part of the project involves building a CubeSat prototype that can be easily replicated and used by students with various levels of knowledge. By providing a complete and efficient CubeSat Kit, using PBL (Problem Based Learning) techniques, train a new generation of scientists and engineers, both developing technical skills and essential soft skills for the job market, such as teamwork, leadership ability, presentation skills, as well as to explore space and conduct innovative experiments.
HEALTH HABITS, DIGITAL MEDIA, AND PUBLIC SCHOOL: RESULTS OF A STUDY WITH ADOLESCENTS IN ANANINDEUA, PA (BRAZIL)
This study analyzed the formation of health habits during adolescence, considering their relationship with social, economic, and institutional factors, with emphasis on the role of the school as a strategic space for promoting well-being. The research was conducted through questionnaires applied to students from a public school in the municipality of Ananindeua (PA), allowing the identification of perceptions, practices, and challenges related to nutrition, physical activity, and the use of digital media. The results showed that although adolescents recognize the importance of a healthy lifestyle, they face multiple structural, financial, emotional, and cultural barriers to transforming this knowledge into daily practice. The hypotheses demonstrated that educational strategies in the school environment increase students’ awareness of health and self-care; however, such actions are still punctual and poorly integrated into the school curriculum. Practical and culturally contextualized programs favored greater student engagement, although they are limited by the lack of infrastructure and continuous public policies. In addition, excessive use of digital media was identified as a risk factor, but it can be re-signified as a pedagogical resource when critically mediated. It is concluded that the school plays a central role in building healthy habits; however, its effectiveness depends on permanent, intersectoral actions sensitive to youth realities, integrating education, health, and social participation.
GENOTOXIC AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL BIOMARKERS OF FOUR FISH SPECIES FROM THE MIDDLE SÃO FRANCISCO RIVER WITH DIFFERENT FEEDING HABITS
We compared variations in the occurrence of micronuclei (MN), morphonuclear alterations (AMN), and the presence of various liver damages among four fish species, Salminus franciscanus (carnivorous), Leporinus obtusidens (omnivorous), Myleus micans (herbivorous), and Prochilodus argenteus (detritivorous liver fluke), occupying different trophic levels in an area of ​​the middle São Francisco River, Januária, Minas Gerais. We hypothesized that (i) fish from different trophic levels present varying amounts of MN and AMN, as these damages are related to the presence of environmental contaminants, and (ii) fish from different trophic levels show multiple liver damages, since the liver is an important organ for the purification of organisms, reflecting the presence of aquatic contaminants. Cytogenetic analyses were performed using the MN test and histopathological analyses with photomicrographs of liver tissues. Species were ranked using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) based on genetic alterations and liver damage. Principal axis scores were compared using Generalized Linear Models (GLM) with Gaussian distribution. Significance was verified with ANOVA (F-test), followed by contrast analyses to identify statistical variations between groups. Our results indicated that P. argenteus presented the highest number of MNs, while M. micans and S. franciscanus had the highest quantities of AMNs. S. franciscanus and L. obtusidens were the most affected by degenerative liver lesions. Necrosis, a cell death lesion, had the highest score in P. argenteus. These findings indicate a strong correlation between cytogenetic and histopathological damage indices and the trophic levels occupied by the evaluated fish species.
CONSIDERATIONS ON “PROSPECTIVE OVERRULING” IN CIVIL PROCEDURAL LAW
The role of case law in the formation and development of Law varies according to the legal system in which it operates. In countries of the common law tradition, judges create the Law, and adherence to their precedents is an imperative of legal certainty. However, in countries of the Roman law tradition, characterized by statutory law, the idea of legal certainty and stability derives from enacted legislation. Even within this system, the relevance of case law cannot be denied, especially with regard to consolidated precedents, given the need to ensure uniformity in the interpretation of the law. Thus, the role of the modulation of effects in cases involving the overruling of established understandings emerges as a matter of significance, particularly concerning the guarantees of legal certainty and legitimate expectations that citizens place in the Judiciary. In this context, the prospective effects of overruling appear to be one of the means of giving practical effect to such an objective.
PATIENT SAFETY IN INITIAL NURSING EDUCATION: ATTITUDES, PROFILES, AND IMPLICATIONS FOR TEACHING
This chapter presents an expanded analysis of the profile, attitudes, and perceptions of incoming nursing students regarding patient safety, grounded in the findings of the master’s dissertation. Based on the investigation of four consecutive cohorts (2021–2024), the study reveals that students begin their undergraduate training with heterogeneous beliefs, often shaped by idealized notions of care and individual attributions of error. The results highlight weaknesses related to confidence in error reporting, understanding of the inevitability of human fallibility, and recognition of systemic causes underlying adverse events. Significant differences between cohorts suggest that external factors—such as the pandemic context, social narratives, and generational changes—directly influence initial safety attitudes. Psychometric analysis demonstrated that the 30-item APSQ-3 version offers greater robustness for assessing these perceptions, capturing essential nuances for health-care education. Findings reinforce the importance of early pedagogical strategies, integrated curricula, and learning approaches that promote psychological safety, just culture, and systemic understanding of care. By identifying attitudinal patterns prior to clinical exposure, this chapter contributes to designing educational interventions capable of strengthening the patient safety culture from the beginning of nursing education.
LEARNING RECOVERY AS A PUBLIC POLICY: IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGES AND IMPACTS ON EVERYDAY SCHOOL LIFE
Learning recovery has emerged as a response of educational public policies to the gaps accumulated in teaching and learning processes, intensified by structural inequalities and recent crisis contexts. In this scenario, understanding its implementation challenges and its impacts on everyday school life becomes essential to analyze the effects of these policies on pedagogical practices, educational management, and teachers’ work. The approach adopted in this research is qualitative in nature, as it is appropriate for analyzing educational public policies and their effects on school daily life. To carry out this study, two complementary research methods were used: bibliographic research and documentary research. The general objective of this research is to analyze learning recovery as an educational public policy, identifying the main challenges of its implementation and the impacts produced in everyday school life, especially in pedagogical practices, educational management, and the organization of teachers’ work. The research showed that when treated as a public policy, learning recovery advances, but it also reveals limits that need to be addressed.
Emanuelle Grace Kelly Santos de Oliveira
EDUCATIONAL LEADERSHIP IN CONTEXTS OF SYSTEMIC DISRUPTION: A CASE STUDY OF INSTITUTIONAL ADAPTATION IN A CRISIS SCENARIO
This article analyzes educational leadership from a systemic perspective in contexts of organizational disruption, investigating institutional implications of executive decision-making during crisis scenarios. A qualitative interpretive case study is conducted based on institutional documentary evidence, including enrollment evolution, pedagogical strategies, and community engagement actions. The institution operated two school units until July 2022 and expanded to three units thereafter, serving early childhood, elementary, and secondary education. Historical data show growth from 576 enrollments in 2019 to 1,725 in 2026. Findings suggest that technological adaptation, institutional communication, and pedagogical mobilization functioned as drivers of organizational resilience, contributing to institutional stability and community trust. This article analyzes educational leadership from a systemic perspective in contexts of organizational disruption, investigating institutional implications of executive decision-making during crisis scenarios. A qualitative interpretive case study is conducted based on institutional documentary evidence, including enrollment evolution, pedagogical strategies, and community engagement actions. The institution operated two school units until July 2022 and expanded to three units thereafter, serving early childhood, elementary, and secondary education. Historical data show growth from 576 enrollments in 2019 to 1,725 in 2026. Findings suggest that technological adaptation, institutional communication, and pedagogical mobilization functioned as drivers of organizational resilience, contributing to institutional stability and community trust.
ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION IN EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AS A TOOL FOR RAISING AWARENESS FOR THE PRESERVATION OF THE CERRADO BIOME IN TOCANTINS
The intensification of the socio-environmental crisis and the increasing anthropogenic pressures on the Brazilian Cerrado, especially in the state of Tocantins, highlight the need for educational strategies capable of fostering environmental awareness from the earliest stages of schooling. Environmental Education (EE), when integrated into Early Childhood Education, emerges as a structuring, for shaping values, attitudes, and affective bonds with nature, contributing to biome conservation and to the development of a critical and context-based socio-environmental awareness. The problem addressed was to understand how Environmental Education, developed in Early Childhood Education, can serve as an instrument to sensitize children toward the preservation of the Tocantins Cerrado, considering childhood pedagogical foundations, official policy documents, and the valorization of territory and local knowledge. This article aimed to analyze the contributions of Environmental Education in Early Childhood Education to environmental sensitization and to the formation of values oriented toward Cerrado preservation in the Tocantins context. Methodologically, this is a qualitative study of a theoretical and exploratory nature, conducted through a systematized literature review based on national and international scientific publications, normative documents, and public policies related to Environmental Education, Early Childhood Education, and the Cerrado. The bibliographic search was carried out in databases such as Scopus, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect, with selection guided by the PRISMA protocol and interpretive analysis grounded in Content Analysis. Data analysis was conducted interpretively, in light of Critical Environmental Education. The results show that Environmental Education in Early Childhood Education, when grounded in playful practices, concrete experiences with nature, and the valorization of territory, promotes the construction of affective bonds, a sense of belonging, and the development of ethical and sustainable values. However, challenges were also identified regarding teacher education, school infrastructure, and the effective implementation of legal guidelines in everyday pedagogical practice. It is concluded that Environmental Education in Early Childhood Education is an essential strategy for preserving the Tocantins Cerrado, as it promotes contextualized, critical, and socially grounded education, contributing to the formation of sensitive, participatory subjects committed to sustainability from early childhood.
EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES AND ACTIVE METHODOLOGIES: THE NEW PARADIGM OF MEDICAL EDUCATION IN THE 21ST CENTURY
To investigate the challenges of emerging technologies in 21st century medical education, describing teaching methods and pedagogical strategies in educational environments. Methods: This is a study with a qualitative-exploratory approach that analyzed scientific articles in the Medline (39,078 records), Scielo (2,040 records) and Science Direct (151 records) databases from 2021 to 2023. The research identified two main methodologies: competency-based learning and interaction between mentor and mentee. Results: The results indicate that students' active participation in reflective processes strengthens their understanding of medical practice. The integration of different methodologies, such as student-centered learning and peer mentoring programs, is a promising trend for medical education, expanding learning opportunities and promoting students' personal and emotional development. Conclusion: Competency-based learning stands out for its focus on developing technical and practical skills, while interactive learning environments between mentor and mentee involve activities focused on sharing knowledge and experiences. These approaches strengthen mutual trust, stimulate critical thinking and encourage student reflection.