SNELL LAW FOR AN ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSE TRAVELLING OVER A TORUS SURFACE AND SCATTERED BY A FLAT

Authors

  • J. M. Velázquez-Arcos
  • J. Granados-Samaniego
  • A. Cid-Reborido
  • A. Pérez-Ricardez
  • C. A. Vargas
  • S. Alcántara-Montes

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56238/isevmjv4n6-006

Keywords:

Maxwell-Fredholm Equations, Left-Handed Media, Toroidal Symmetry, Electromagnetic Resonances

Abstract

We apply a new tool that is the Maxwell-Fredholm equations, to study the collision of an electromagnetic pulse with a flat surface of separation between the two parts of a torus-shaped artefact with a highly anisotropic refractive index that forces it to move over its surface. We find that it is possible to establish a relationship between the different angles involved depending on the parameters of the toroidal coordinates, which we call a particularization of Snell's law.

References

Velázquez-Arcos, J. M., Pérez-Ricardez, A., Páez-Hernández, R. T., Alcántara-Montes, S., & Granados-Samaniego, J. (2018). Maxwell-Fredholm equations. En M. Sheikholeslami Kandelousi (Ed.), Electric field (pp. 301–311). IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.76115 (ISBN 978-1-78923-187-8; Print ISBN 978-1-78923-186-1)

Sharma, S., & Wilson, D. I. (2021). On a toroidal method to solve the sessile-drop oscillation problem. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 919, Article A39. https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2021.419

Kruger, S. E., & Greene, J. M. (2019). The relationship between flux coordinates and equilibrium-based frames of reference in fusion theory. Physics of Plasmas, 26(8), Article 082506. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5098313

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Published

2025-11-25

How to Cite

SNELL LAW FOR AN ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSE TRAVELLING OVER A TORUS SURFACE AND SCATTERED BY A FLAT. (2025). International Seven Journal of Multidisciplinary, 4(6), e8575. https://doi.org/10.56238/isevmjv4n6-006