THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT OF CLASS II MALOCCLUSIONS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/isevmjv5n2-020Keywords:
Class II Malocclusion, Mandibular Retrognathism, Functional Appliances, Craniofacial Growth, OrthodonticsAbstract
Objective: To analyze recent scientific evidence related to the therapeutic management of skeletal Class II malocclusions, with emphasis on the effects of functional appliances, the ideal timing of intervention during growth, and aesthetic therapeutic approaches that favor patient adherence.
Methodology: A narrative literature review was conducted using the PubMed database, employing the descriptors “Class II correction” and “Retrognathism,” combined with the Boolean operator AND. Articles published in the last five years, available in full text in Portuguese or English, and directly related to the topic were included. Selection was carried out through the analysis of titles, abstracts, and full-text reading of the studies.
Results: The literature shows that functional appliances, especially the Twin Block, are effective in correcting skeletal Class II malocclusions, promoting an increase in mandibular length and reduction of overjet. Treatment success is directly related to therapeutic timing, with the pubertal growth peak being the most favorable period for significant skeletal changes. In addition, aesthetic approaches, such as clear aligners with mandibular advancement, demonstrate promising results and greater patient adherence to treatment.
Conclusion: The management of Class II malocclusions should be based on accurate diagnosis, identification of the growth stage, and individualized planning. Functional appliances remain an effective strategy, while new technologies expand therapeutic possibilities by combining clinical efficiency with improved aesthetic acceptance.
References
Austro-Martinez, M. D., et al. (2024). Stability of class II correction with the Austro repositioner associated with multi-brackets fixed appliances in dolichofacial patients. BMC Oral Health, 24(44), 1–10.
Bimalrag, B. R., et al. (2021). Cephalometric evaluation of the pre- and posttreatment changes after the correction of class II division 1 malocclusion with twin block appliance in mixed dentition. Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice, 22(1), 88–92.
Eshky, R. T. (2022). Orthodontic correction of class II skeletal malocclusion complicated by deep bite using clear aligners: A case report. Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences, 17(6), 962–968.
Guo, F., et al. (2024). Functional therapy and adenotonsillectomy clinical trial for class II malocclusion (FACT-II): Protocol for a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open, 14, e079571.
Huo, B., et al. (2023). Timing of early correction of mandibular hypoplasia in skeletal class II malocclusion: A review. Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry, 47(6), 1–11.
Khan, M. I., et al. (2024). Dentoskeletal effects of twin block appliance in patients with class II malocclusion. Dento-Skeletal Medicine, 1–7.
Sawant, H. R., et al. (2024). Esthetic twin block approach for correction of developing class II division 1 malocclusion of an 11-year-old female patient: A case report. International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry, 17(3), 363–366.
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