THE IMPORTANCE OF THE PARTNERSHIP MODEL IN ACCELERATING OIL PALM SMALLHOLDERS REPLANTING PROGRAM

Abstract

Oil palm is a critical commodity for Indonesia's economy, with smallholders cultivating over 40% of the national plantation area. However, the aging of plantations with more than 30% exceeding 25 years necessitates large-scale replanting efforts. Despite government support through the Peremajaan Sawit Rakyat (PSR) program, implementation remains suboptimal due to structural barriers faced by smallholders, including limited access to finance, certified seedlings, technical assistance, and reliable markets. Addressing these constraints requires effective partnership models that integrate stakeholders across the palm oil value chain. This study aims to explore how partnership models facilitate smallholder participation and success in national oil palm replanting programs by overcoming structural limitations. Using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, this qualitative research analyzes 28 peer-reviewed journal articles published between 2019 and 2025. Data were collected from academic databases using keyword-based searches and PRISMA screening protocols. Thematic analysis was employed to categorize partnership types, key actors, operational mechanisms, and reported outcomes. The results indicate that inclusive, hybrid partnership models combining private-sector engagement with public support achieve the greatest success in improving access to financial resources, certified planting materials, and extension services. Moreover, strong institutional coordination and trust-building mechanisms enhance adoption rates and program sustainability. The review underscores the need for adaptive, multi-stakeholder collaboration tailored to local contexts. In conclusion, partnership models are pivotal in accelerating the success of oil palm smallholder replanting. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies and comparative policy evaluations to deepen understanding of model scalability and long-term impact.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56238/sevened2026.008-063