SYSTEMATIC MAPPING OF THE LITERATURE ON ACADEMIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP (2014–2024): CRITICAL FACTORS, BARRIERS, AND PERSPECTIVES FOR TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/rcsv15n10-009Keywords:
Academic Entrepreneurship, Technology Transfer, Intellectual Property, Academic StartupsAbstract
The conversion of academic knowledge into economic and social value has become a strategic challenge for universities, governments, and industry, particularly given the growing demand for innovation and diversified research funding sources. In this context, understanding academic entrepreneurship is essential to analyze how scientific knowledge can generate social and economic impact. This study aims to map and classify conceptual domains and empirical evidence on the subject, identify critical success factors and barriers institutional, regulatory, ecosystemic, and identity-based and develop a matrix of factors versus evidence. To this end, a Systematic Mapping Study (SMS) was conducted using Scopus and Web of Science databases, covering the period 2014–2024, and applying rigorous inclusion, exclusion, and quality criteria through the Parsifal tool. The findings show that the literature converges on the importance of integrating institutional, regulatory, ecosystemic, and identity dimensions, emphasizing that focusing solely on human capital is insufficient. It is concluded that the advancement of academic entrepreneurship depends on the synergy between clear institutional policies, flexible regulation, collaborative ecosystems, and the strengthening of scientists’ entrepreneurial identity, positioning it as a key driver of technology transfer and sustainable innovation in higher education.
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