AVANÇOS E MÉTODOS NA IDENTIFICAÇÃO INDIVIDUAL DE VACAS LEITEIRAS: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56238/rcsv15n12-002Palavras-chave:
Visão Computacional, Pecuária de Precisão, Rastreabilidade, Tecnologias de MonitoramentoResumo
A identificação individual é uma ferramenta essencial para a zootecnia de precisão, permitindo a automação em tempo real do monitoramento da saúde, produtividade e rastreabilidade dos rebanhos. Essa prática otimiza processos produtivos, aumenta a eficiência e promove a sustentabilidade da produção. Nesse contexto, esta revisão bibliográfica teve como objetivo analisar os avanços e métodos utilizados na identificação individual de vacas leiteiras, com ênfase na pecuária leiteira de precisão. Foram revisados estudos que abordam tecnologias de aprendizado profundo e aprendizado de máquina, destacando sua contribuição para a melhoria da precisão da identificação, mesmo em condições de campo desafiadoras. Técnicas de visão computacional têm aprimorado a eficiência do processo, embora enfrentem desafios relacionados à variabilidade das condições ambientais e à implementação em larga escala. O uso de drones e imagens multiangulares amplia as possibilidades de monitoramento, evidenciando o potencial dessas tecnologias para atender às demandas de escalabilidade e precisão. No Brasil, onde a produção leiteira é majoritariamente composta por pequenos e médios produtores, a adoção de tecnologias acessíveis torna-se fundamental para elevar a eficiência e a competitividade do setor. Os avanços tecnológicos também favorecem a rastreabilidade e a saúde animal, contribuindo para práticas mais sustentáveis. Conclui-se que a integração dessas ferramentas na realidade da pecuária nacional exige soluções adaptadas ao contexto socioeconômico dos produtores, sendo necessário o desenvolvimento de pesquisas que conciliem inovação tecnológica com viabilidade prática e econômica.
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