NICKEL IMPACT ON THE SOIL BIOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES

Abstract

This chapter addresses the effects of nickel (Ni) on soil biological properties, with an emphasis on microbial biomass, enzymatic activity, and basal respiration. Although nickel is a micronutrient, its accumulation in agricultural soils—often resulting from anthropogenic activities—can impair soil microbiota by inhibiting enzymes and altering nutrient cycling and the carbon cycle. Microbial biomass and basal respiration are sensitive indicators of Ni levels, showing significant reductions at high metal concentrations, while low doses may have beneficial effects. Enzymatic activity is also directly inhibited, particularly enzymes such as dehydrogenase and urease. Factors such as organic matter content, pH, soil texture, and the presence of soil organisms influence the magnitude of these effects. Strategies such as the addition of organic matter, the use of Ni-hyperaccumulating plants, and conservation management practices are highlighted as alternatives to mitigate nickel toxicity. The chapter emphasizes the importance of monitoring the effects of Ni on soil biology and proposes the use of microbiological attributes as tools for environmental diagnostics.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56238/sevened2025.016-005