REVISITING IVERMECTIN SAFETY: INSIGHTS AND LESSONS AFTER COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Abstract

Ivermectin is a macrocyclic lactone extensively used to treat parasitic infections in humans and animals. Although considered safe at therapeutic doses, its off-label use during the COVID-19 pandemic raised significant safety concerns. This chapter discusses ivermectin's pharmacological properties, mechanisms of antiparasitic action, and emerging toxicological evidence, with emphasis on neurotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. High doses, inappropriate formulations, or genetic vulnerabilities may compromise blood–brain barrier integrity or liver metabolism, leading to severe adverse effects. The rise in poisoning reports during the pandemic highlights the dangers of unsupervised use. Environmental impacts of ivermectin residues are also addressed, emphasizing the need for cautious, evidence-based use.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56238/sevened2024.031-103