NEPHROPROTECTIVE POTENTIAL OF SEMAGLUTIDE IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES AND CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE: CLINICAL EVIDENCE AND THERAPEUTIC PERSPECTIVES

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most prevalent and impactful complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Although conventional therapies, such as RAAS inhibitors and SGLT2 inhibitors, provide recognized benefits, many patients still experience progressive kidney function decline. In this context, semaglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist, has gained attention for its potential nephroprotective effects beyond glycemic control.This article aims to critically review current scientific evidence on the renal effects of semaglutide in patients with T2DM and CKD. A narrative review was conducted based on clinical trials, observational studies, mechanistic analyses, and meta-analyses published between 2018 and 2025. The main findings indicate significant benefits in reducing albuminuria, stabilizing estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), lowering progression to end-stage renal disease, and reducing cardiovascular events.The underlying mechanisms include glomerular hemodynamic modulation, anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects, and improved insulin sensitivity. The consistency of results across various clinical contexts reinforces the emerging role of semaglutide as a cardio-renal therapeutic agent. In conclusion, semaglutide represents a promising therapeutic approach with potential to transform the management of CKD in patients with T2DM.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56238/sevened2025.037-022